The Union for the Study of African Population (UAPS) is a pan-African non-profit organization that aims to promote the scientific study of population and the application of research findings in development planning in Africa. UAPS was established at the initiative of the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (UNECA) by the Third General Conference of African Demographers, Statisticians and Planners held in Addis Ababa in March 1984.

UAPS is the only population-focused organization that represents all regions of Africa, crossing language and geographical barriers to foster networking, knowledge sharing, and learning across the continent.

The Union currently has more than 2,000 population scientists and researchers in Africa and other parts of the world.